Botryosphaeriales » Phyllostictaceae » Phyllosticta

Phyllosticta foliorum

Phyllosticta foliorum (Sacc.) Wikee & Crous, Stud in Mycol 76: 16. 2013

Index Fungorum: IF805656; Facesoffungi: FoFxxxxx; MycoBank: MB805656.

Saprobic on fallen leaves of Taxus baccata. Sexual morph: Unknown. Asexual morph: Conidiomata (on PNA) up to 400 μm diam., pycnidial, solitary, black, erumpent, globose or with elongated body, exuding colourless to opaque conidial masses. Peridium up to 40 μm diam., composed of several layers of textura angularis, inner wall of hyaline textura angularis. Ostiole 10–25 × 4–5 μm, central. Conidiophores 8–20 × 3–4 μm, subcylindrical to ampulliform, reduced to conidiogenous cells, or with 1–2 supporting cells, branched at base or not. Conidiogenous cells terminal, subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, coated in a mucoid layer, proliferating several times percurrently near apex. Conidia (12–)13–14(–15) × (9–)10(–11) μm, solitary, hyaline, aseptate, thin and smooth walled, coarsely guttulate, or with a single large central guttule, broadly ellipsoid, tapering towards a narrow truncate base, 2–3 μm diam., enclosed in a thin, persistent mucoid sheath, 2–3 μm thick, and bearing a hyaline, apical mucoid appendage, (10–)12–15(–20) × 1.5(–2) μm, flexible, unbranched, tapering towards an acutely rounded tip.

Culture characteristics: Colonies erumpent, spreading, with sparse aerial mycelium and feathery margins, covering the dish in 1 month. On MEA surface olivaceous-grey, reverse iron-grey; on OA iron-grey; on PDA iron-grey on surface and reverse.

Representative isolates: Italy, on fallen leaves of Taxus baccata, holotype of Physalospora gregaria var. foliorum, Herb. P.A. Saccardo, PAD. Netherlands, Baarn, Maarschalksbos, on dead twigs and needles of Taxus baccata, Sep. 1969, H.A. van der Aa, neotype CBS H-9495, CBS 447.68 (ex-neotype culture). USA, from bonsai tree of Cryptomeria japonica, 25 Feb. 1977, G.H. Boerema, specimens CBS H-13111, CBS H-619, culture CBS 174.77.

Host: Taxus baccata (Wikee et al. 2013).

Known distribution: Italy, Netherlands, USA (Wikee et al. 2013).

GenBank Numbers: ITS - KF170309, LSU - KF206287, TEF - KF289201, ACT - KF289247, GPDH - KF289132.

Notes: Guignardia philoprina (from Ilex) is a species complex with numerous old names. The oldest name linked to European specimens from Taxus appears to be Physalospora gregaria var. foliorum, which recombined in Phyllosticta by Wikee et al. (2013). As the holotype specimen in PAD only contains immature ascomata and spermatia, Wikee et al. (2013) designated a neotype.

References:

Wikee S, Lombard L, Nakashima C, Motohashi K, Chukeatirote E, Cheewangkoon R, McKenzie EHC, Hyde KD, Crous PW (2013) A phylogenetic re-evaluation of Phyllosticta (Botryosphaeriales). Studies in Mycology 76: 1–29.

 

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